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1.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-1000262

RESUMO

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and sarcopenia (low skeletal muscle mass and function) share a bidirectional relationship. The prevalence of these diseases increases with age and they share common risk factors. Skeletal muscle fat infiltration, commonly referred to as myosteatosis, may be a major contributor to both T2DM and sarcopenia in older adults via independent effects on insulin resistance and muscle health. Many strategies to manage T2DM result in energy restriction and subsequent weight loss, and this can lead to significant declines in muscle mass in the absence of resistance exercise, which is also a first-line treatment for sarcopenia. In this review, we highlight recent evidence on established treatments and emerging therapies targeting weight loss and muscle mass and function improvements in older adults with, or at risk of, T2DM and/or sarcopenia. This includes dietary, physical activity and exercise interventions, new generation incretin-based agonists and myostatin-based antagonists, and endoscopic bariatric therapies. We also highlight how digital health technologies and health literacy interventions can increase uptake of, and adherence to, established and emerging treatments and therapies in older adults with T2DM and/or sarcopenia.

2.
Vaccimonitor (La Habana, Print) ; 26(3)set.-dic. 2017. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1094592

RESUMO

Las vacunas compuestas por vesículas de membrana externa (VMEs) previenen de manera exitosa la enfermedad meningocócica del serogrupo B. Esta plataforma tecnológica de obtención puede ser aplicada para otros patógenos bacterianos Gram negativos. Una vacuna de VMEs desarrollada contra Shigella sonnei fue obtenida a través de una extracción de componentes celulares y su caracterización por electroforesis en geles de poliacrilamida unidimensional (1D). Se estudiaron las mejores condiciones de solubilización de las muestras, separación electroforética e identificación a través de espectrometría de masas acoplada a cromatografía de alta presión después del corte de las bandas y su tratamiento enzimático con tripsina. En esta etapa se identificaron un total de 57 proteínas en 23 bandas (2,5 proteínas por banda escindida), 47 de las proteínas no repetidas. Las proteínas inmunogénicas presentes en VMEs de S. sonnei fueron cuantificadas en cuanto a masa molecular por 1D-Western blotting en membranas de nitrocelulosa con anticuerpos obtenidos a partir de ratones inmunizados con las VMEs. Como que las bandas electroforéticas 1D contenían más de una proteína, se estudiaron las mejores condiciones de separación por el método de electroforesis bidimensional (2D) para el establecimiento del mapa proteico; tal que el incremento del tamaño de las tiras, el tiempo de focalización y la aplicación catódica garantizaron la mayor resolución(AU)


Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) vaccines successfully prevent Group B meningococcal disease. This platform technology may be applied against other Gram negative bacterial pathogens. An OMV vaccine against Shigella sonnei was prepared by detergent extraction of cells and characterised by one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D). The protein components were quantified by staining and scanning and the composition of bands were defined by coupled high-performance low chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry after band excision and in-gel trypsin digestion. 57 proteins contained in 23 bands (2.5 proteins/split band) were detected, 47 of them were not repeated. The S. sonnei OMVs immunogenic proteins were identified by 1D-immunoblotting, after transfer of proteins to a nitrocellulose membrane and treatment with antibodies generated by immunisation of mice with the OMVs. The bands detected by 1D had more than a single proteins, that is why we studied the best conditions for molecular separation by two-dimension electrophoresis (2D) for establishing the protein map; such that the increase of strips size, time of isoelectric focusing (IEF) and cup-cathodic loading guaranteed the highest resolution(AU)


Assuntos
Vacinas/imunologia
3.
VACCIMONITOR ; 26(3)20170000. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-72038

RESUMO

Las vacunas compuestas por vesículas de membrana externa (VMEs) previenen de manera exitosa la enfermedad meningocócica del serogrupo B. Esta plataforma tecnológica de obtención puede ser aplicada para otros patógenos bacterianos Gram negativos. Una vacuna de VMEs desarrollada contra Shigella sonnei fue obtenida a través de una extracción de componentes celulares y su caracterización por electroforesis en geles de poliacrilamida unidimensional (1D). Se estudiaron las mejores condiciones de solubilización de las muestras, separación electroforética e identificación a través de espectrometría de masas acoplada a cromatografía de alta presión después del corte de las bandas y su tratamiento enzimático con tripsina. En esta etapa se identificaron un total de 57 proteínas en 23 bandas (2,5 proteínas por banda escindida), 47 de las proteínas no repetidas. Las proteínas inmunogénicas presentes en VMEs de S. sonnei fueron cuantificadas en cuanto a masa molecular por 1D-Western blotting en membranas de nitrocelulosa con anticuerpos obtenidos a partir de ratones inmunizados con las VMEs. Como que las bandas electroforéticas 1D contenían más de una proteína, se estudiaron las mejores condiciones de separación por el método de electroforesis bidimensional (2D) para el establecimiento del mapa proteico; tal que el incremento del tamaño de las tiras, el tiempo de focalización y la aplicación catódica garantizaron la mayor resolución(AU)


Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) vaccines successfully prevent Group B meningococcal disease. This platform technology may be applied against other Gram negative bacterial pathogens. An OMV vaccine against Shigella sonnei was prepared by detergent extraction of cells and characterised by one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D). The protein components were quantified by staining and scanning and the composition of bands were defined by coupled high-performance low chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry after band excision and in-gel trypsin digestion. 57 proteins contained in 23 bands (2.5 proteins/split band) were detected, 47 of them were not repeated. The S. sonnei OMVs immunogenic proteins were identified by 1D-immunoblotting, after transfer of proteins to a nitrocellulose membrane and treatment with antibodies generated by immunisation of mice with the OMVs. The bands detected by 1D had more than a single proteins, that is why we studied the best conditions for molecular separation by two-dimension electrophoresis (2D) for establishing the protein map; such that the increase of strips size, time of isoelectric focusing (IEF) and cup-cathodic loading guaranteed the highest resolution(AU)


Assuntos
Shigella sonnei , Vacinas/uso terapêutico
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